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When thinking about classroom assessment, many traditional and new alternative assessment strategies come in to mind. The education field in general is a wide encompassing field with millions of philosophies simultaneously working together to form a common goal of conveying knowledge. Most importantly, I believe before an instructor develops assessment strategies, they must define their own personal philosophy or focus. A teacher needs to decide whether the ultimate goal in their classroom is helping the most amount of students achieve a specific percentage number; generally between 0 and 100, or for each individual student to understand how to apply the academic material to their own personal life. The latter is my personal philosophy of education. In today's society a teacher's success is determined in multiple ways. Administrations, school boards, and parents want to make sure their student is receiving the highest level of education possible, while also receiving the highest grade that is possible. Teachers in theory, desire to pass on a particular view of curriculum while having their students expand and evolve into new methods of thinking. These previous statements correlate with assessment because traditionally "old-school educators" normally believe one side of assessment is correct and one side is incorrect. "New School" educators tend to dive too drastically into making mass changes in the classroom setting. Through this paper I will discuss how all current forms of assessment need to be united together through grades K-1, how different philosophies can bring about a better product, and my personal beliefs on improvements that need to be made.
Presently, in many public school systems curriculum is presented to students in an approach which cannot help them master any particular field, but it can help them master how to receive average grades on a specific standardized test. First, I believe the relationship between curriculum, instruction and assessment needs to be completely overhauled. School reform in general needs to help teachers introduce authentic teaching practices that will help instructors deviate from general education fields to a broader form of curriculum. I believe instructors in the public education system are so limited in what instruction and assessment practices they can "actually" use because they are teaching for an artificial test. The relationship between curriculum, instruction and assessment are that all three work in partnership with each other. In my opinion, curriculum is the starting point for all teachers to develop high-quality and enjoyable instruction practices, instruction is the central point for bridging curriculum and evaluation together, and assessment is the review of whether the student and teacher expectations were met. Without any of those three categories being of first-rate quality, there tends to be an increased probability of teachers and students slipping into mediocrity. Education needs to move toward a curriculum based upon more than three fields (Math, Science, Social Studies). I would disagree with the fact that communication skills and English are being pushed heavily in any public education school in Florida. I state this because many teachers make accurate and inaccurate exceptions to students without proper grammar with the hopes that the student will pick up the information in another class. Broadening curriculum in schools ties into this previous argument for numerous reasons. When teaching for a standardized test, teachers generally follow commercial materials distributed to teachers by their administration. First, to a great extent these materials have nothing to do with real world situations or culturally diverse students. Teachers many times have to manipulate variables in the assignment to assign higher order assessments. If this is the case, why not just assign different material to begin with. Secondly, I estimate if the curriculum is faulty, the instruction and assessment will likely follow suit. It is widely known that the purpose for composing an essay is for the student to analyze the relevant material and synthesize a method of expanding on the material. I believe it would be impossible for any student to accurately expand on material that is completely unnatural and irrelevant to their lives. Concluding, teachers need to formulate the use of curriculum, instruction, and assessment into a more cohesive process. Teachers need to make sure they are assessing the proper curriculum, the instruction is culturally relevant, and the curriculum reaches beyond commercially irrelevant materials. Basically, all three should be aligned properly; meaning that instructional goals, standards, events happening during teaching, and what needs to be learned are in congruence.
I believe traditional and alternative assessments need to be used equally. Traditional tests I believe are best for brief tests to assess knowledge. Teachers can use various methods of traditional assessment such as constructed response, short answer, binary and matching to best identify knowledge whereas alternative assessments in my opinion are better for higher levels of Blooms taxonomy. Traditional formed evaluation methods such as binary choice and matching can be used often because they are easy to grade, opposed to alternative assessments that tend to take a lot more time. Teachers also need to incorporate alternative assessment into the classroom on a regular basis. Alternative assessment gives the teacher and student a break from the usual activities and assessment strategies. Alternative assignments such as performances, dioramas, debates, and portfolios can help teachers readily assess a student's higher order thinking, while not extremely deviating away from general knowledge and comprehension.
Formative and Summative assessments are good for many reasons as well. I believe formative assessment is wonderful and should be used more than summative assessment because the instructor can use formal and informal methods to review a student's work. Also, formative assessment provides a teacher with "corrective actions to enhance student learning." Since learning is the objective of education and not the letter grades that a student received, formative assessment will be more productive for both student and teacher in the long run. Summative assessment is also essential for teachers. Since summative assessments are always formal, I believe they can more quickly and accurately show where teachers need to improve there teaching practices as well as display how far teachers have progressed their students.
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I believe instructor assessment to be to most important in the evaluation process. I think that all assessments have bias naturally inferred in them; however, I believe instructor assessment to hold the least amount of biased qualities. I also believe instructor assessment is the most comprehensive way to evaluate a students knowledge because instructors are assessing from the course objectives, whereas the student may want to stray into other categories and topics discussed in class. I do not particularly agree with peer assessment on a regular basis. I believe if an instructor were to continually let peers evaluate each other, the instructor would be perpetuating a division in the class, and a possible increased animosity and inequality between students. I agree with self-assessment for numerous reasons. First, I believe self-assessment motivates students to improve, and lets students know "without asking" what categories they need to improve in. Self assessment also teaches responsibility and is flexible. Finally, I believe it improves the relationship between the student and instructor. By permitting a student to self-assess, the teacher lets the student know he-or she believes the student will give him-or-her an honest opinion, on top of the fact that the students knows his or her opinion is valued.
I believe assessment data is a critical part for educators to make decisions about student achievement; however, this factor should not be the focus of the decision making process. I believe instructors should use assessment data delicately when assessing their performance and the student's performance because there are many outside factors that play a role in this argument. First, when judging student performance, the teacher needs to take into account whether the test was written correctly, were the students prepared by the lectures and activities, and did outside variables such as motivation, and fatigue play a role in the student's grade. For judging teacher performance, the teacher needs to think about factors occurring while grading the assessments, were all points of the test touched upon equally, and were the tests given the best method to use for the particular course objective. Test grades can show an overall improvement or overall deterioration throughout the semester, and used effectively can help out the reflective process tremendously; however, there are so many outside factors that a teacher should not take any assessment grade too seriously.
When thinking about grading practices, I believe that all assignments should be very evenly weighted. I believe in courses where assignments such as activities do not hold the weight of an exam or vice versa, the student will tend not to pay as close attention to detail as they should. In doing this, the student will only learn the main points of the particular subject, and will not be able to apply data or supplement their knowledge besides reciting the facts. Also, I believe homework should be given and counted as a grade as long as it is done liberally. Homework in my opinion should not be counted for more than 10% of the grade. I believe this minor exception will start to separate some of the high "B" students from the "A" students. I also believe that class participation should be counted into the final grade. The instructor needs to make sure that each student has an equal opportunity to answer, and that questions are formed so all students can understand. Requiring class participation will give teachers the time to assess what student's are having problems without directly placing a grade into the grade book.
Learning about the Accomplished Practices; in particular assessment, is imperative for all current and perspective teachers because it is the starting point in the reflection process. I believe the Accomplished Practices need to continually be hammered into students because of the scrutiny that teachers are held to on a daily basis. Having a guide book to refer to not only protects the instructor from unfair inquiry, but also helps the instructor grade their own work on a daily basis.
I believe I have gained knowledge of all twelve Accomplished Practices in this course, although I feel that I understand assessment, continuous improvement, and the role of the teacher the most. I feel I have gained knowledge of assessment through various methods introduced by the instructor such as traditional and alternative assessment. I have learned that both methods should be used throughout the semester so that all students can achieve a high level of synthesis. I also have gained knowledge of assessment through learning about properly weighting assessments, such as not over weighting or underweighting any assignment. I believe I have learned about continuous improvement through various activities in the class. Most of all, I think continuous improvement was shown to be critical by the instructor going over each test question and viewing how many students got each question wrong. This in my opinion eliminates the need for a curve, and lets the teacher see how their material is being interpreted by the class. This was also stressed very well when going over student portfolios. I believe I best understood about the role of the teacher through going over different ways of using anecdotal notes on student behavior, as well as using different styles of rubrics. Using very thorough rubrics helps the teacher best assess the material that is being handed in, and I believe that taking brief notes is imperative to the teacher so they can protect themselves against student-teacher discrepancies.
My plans for improvement in the area of assessment are continually changing day-to-day. I believe that assessment strategies depend not only in the course you are teaching, but also the students you are teaching. I have realized the importance of making sure to assess the proper material, and not the material that the students should have already learned. I have learned that it is imperative to look out for bias questions when writing an assessment, and how reliable and viable results should be a necessity in the frequently changing system of assessment. My short-term plans for assessment are to make sure that I am hitting on all levels of the Accomplished Practices throughout each class which in-turn will help me assess more efficiently.
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