Glass Menagerie - Laura's escape

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The Glass Menagerie is set in a tenement St. Louis apartment occupied by Amanda Wingfield and her two adult children shy, fragile Laura, and Tom, a restless, poet working a stifling factory job. Tom Wingfield narrates this self-described memory play, revisiting a time when his family longs to escape their meager existence by creating idealized fantasy worlds. Amanda tries to rise above the familys depressed circumstances and puts all of her hopes into the prospect of Laura marrying and carrying them out of poverty. But Laura is terribly shy and cant cope with the pressures of the outside world. Williams uses many symbols in the play represent the various escapes of the characters. Laura demonstrates Williams theme of escape.

Laura escapes from various aspects of the real world. Young girls of Lauras age go out drinking, have friends, and some are with boyfriends. For Laura, something as simple as going to the grocery store is a challenge. Laura secludes herself at home and from social contact. She attempts to escape the demands of her mother, and her expectations for a normal daughter. Lauras minor physical crippling serves as an excuse for her enigmatic personality.

Laura fears social contact. She struggles to communicate and be involved with the world around her. Laura isolates herself and is unable to take a business course with her peers. Lauras mother was told, by the courses typing instructor

Her hands shook so that she couldnt hit the right keys! The first time we gave a speed test, she broke down completely - was sick at the stomach and almost had to be carried into the wash room! After that morning she never showed up anymore (Williams 40).

Laura rarely leaves the apartment, and when she does she finds herself in an unfamiliar world. During Lauras business course she is unable to handle the pressure being placed on her. Laura escapes the situation by running from it, and never going back.

When Jim comes into Lauras home, he is invading her space. She feels shy and awkward, but soon becomes more comfortable with him. When she is seeing reality, she escapes by becoming shy again. Lauras mother, Amanda, forces a gentleman caller on her. Laura feels obligated to follow Amandas wishes. Laura is escaping her mothers demands. Lauras mother wants her to get married to support Laura and her. Laura is not able to communicate with others, and is not attempting to find a husband.

Within her secluded world, Laura also has a fantasy world. She is living in this other world by secluding herself from the real world. Lauras glass menagerie is a symbol of her fragile and unique state. The unicorn in her collection is an imaginary creature, and like Laura it is not a normal animal. Lauras make-believe world enables her to escape from her fears, her problems, and go to a place filled with desires and wishes. This world makes Laura feel safe. As Jim brakes the horn off, the unicorn becomes a regular horse. Laura feels she needs to get rid of the symbol, and therefore

She bites her lip which was trembling and then bravely smiles. She opens her hand again on the broken glass figure. Then she gently takes his hand and raises it level with her own. She carefully places the unicorn in the palm of his hand, then pushes his fingers closed upon it (10).

Laura is escaping from her mothers demands, social contact, and the real world.

Lauras methods of escape cause controversy with the people closest to her. Amanda feels her hopes are shattered. She has lived through Laura, and is devastated when she does not find a husband. Amanda hopes Laura will be exactly like her when she was Lauras age. When Amanda realizes at the end of the play that all hope is gone, she is upset. Amanda takes her anger out on Tom, and he leaves Laura and her to live for themselves.

Jim and Tom react to Lauras method of escape differently. When Jim sees Lauras problem, he does not turn his back. Instead, he tries to help Laura by telling her

I wish you were my sister. Id teach you to have some confidence in yourself. The different people are not like other people, but being different is nothing to be ashamed of. Because other people are not such wonderful people. Theyre one hundred times one thousand. Youre one times one! They walk all over the earth. You just stay here. Theyre common as-weeds, but-you-well, youre-Blue Roses (16).

Jims words of encouragement prove he will not let her pass by, he is a caring person and wants to help her. When he calls her Blue Roses it symbolizes how rare Laura is. Tom loves his sister very much and feels terrible for breaking her heart. He is unsure of how to help his sister; when he tried, he broke her heart. Tom stays back, and Jim gives her inspiring thoughts.

The success of Lauras escape is both negative and positive. Laura has a moment where she sees a glimpse of her escape dying when she is with Jim. When she realizes her failure and she passes it on with the unicorn. Throughout the play Laura stays in her separate world. With only a small encounter with reality she lives her life alone. Her escape is successful. At the end of the play Laura is alone, has no husband, and still admiring and playing with her glass menagerie. She is able to escape her mothers demands, the real world, and social contact.

Williams theme of escape is well demonstrated through Laura. The physically and emotionally crippled Laura is the only character in the play who never does anything to hurt anyone else. Despite the weight of her own problems, she displays a pure compassion for others. This stands in stark contrast to the selfishness and grudging sacrifices that characterize the Wingfield household. Lauras character holds the most prominent symbols-blue roses, the glass unicorn, the entire glass menagerie-all in some sense represent her. Laura is as rare and peculiar a creature as a blue rose or a unicorn, and she is as delicate as a glass figurine. Tennessee Williams play of love, loss, and memory will be a classic for many years to come.

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Analysis of the short story: The Best Death Ever by Niall Griffiths

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Children are, unlike adults, unable to distinguish between reality and fiction. In The Best Death Ever this lack of sense of reality almost results in a boy losing his life. Because his friends cannot see that he is really dying instead of just pretending to.

The short story is told in first person by a narrator who looks back at his childhood. He narrates of a particular episode, when he and three of his friends were playing in his backyard in Netherley, Liverpool. They were playing a game called Best Deaths, in which the idea is to imitate one's death as convincingly as possible. The children are strongly inspired by war movies and war stories. The first one who is "dying" is Mick. He is running out from a coal bunker, and the other children shoot him with their toy weapons. The other children (the narrator, Stevie and Gavin) are not impressed by his death. Half-heartedly Mick just falls "over like a fart" because he does not want to fall and hurt himself "Well I didn't want to fall over on the floor an hurt meself" (p. line 5). Mick is probably the most grown-up of all of them because does not want to play a game, in which he hurts himself on purpose. Stevie on the other hand is much more cool, seen from a child's point of view. When he is staging his death he whacks his skull against some concrete flags, without being bothered by it. This toughness gives him great admiration from the other children, and he is regarded as the toughest one. The narrator tries to do better than Stevie, and it is this kind of peer pressure that develops into a game, which the children cannot control. They are always trying to be better and better, and this makes Gavin go to the limit just to get the other children's recognition.

Gavin is regarded as the stupidest and clumsiest of all of them. He does not like the other ones to be tougher than himself, for example when Stevie gives the narrator credit for his death. Instead of being cool he is being arrogant and calls the narrator's death for "Melodramatic" (p. line 11). This makes the narrator dislike him even more and it makes it even harder for Gavin to get the other's respect. In Gavin's attempt to do so, he tries to fake his own hanging, but he miscalculates the distance from the ground to the gallows and therefore he ends up hanging with his feet an inch above the ground.

What made him do such a stupid thing may be hard to understand when you are an adult, but children live in a world where reality and imagination are merged together. It is frightening that six-year old boys in these days knows so much about war, but it is easy to see from where they get their knowledge. They really over exaggerate their deaths as if they were in a war movie, and Mick, who makes the most realistic death, is by the others criticized of being unconvincingly. In addition to the war movies, the children also get their imagery from the news. For example from the conflict between IRA and UDA.

Order custom research paper on Analysis of the short story: The Best Death Ever by Niall GriffithsSome would say that all these war movies have bad influence on children, and they may be right. But it is still in the nature of boys, to play games in which they can get out their aggressions. In the animal kingdom it is normal for the small cubs to fight each other and thereby learn how to attack others and defend oneself. The same urge is in the human nature, and that is why the children play Best Deaths. It is a competition between the children of being the best and toughest one. In the animal kingdom the cubs is practising to be good hunters liker the elder animals. But the human children have not got any similar role models. Their fathers are not out hunting every day to get food on the table, and the closest the children can get to hunting is to play war games. The problem occurs when Gavin is about to die for real, but the other children still believes that it is a game. Even when the narrator's mother is saving Gavin from dying the other children does not understand that it has turned from imagination into reality. After having saved Gavin, the mother punishes the narrator by smacking him and confiscating his toy gun.

Instead of just punishing him, the mother should have learned him how tell the difference between real life and a game. The children must not learn that imagination and playing games, in which they can get out their aggressions, is a bad thing. Because it lies within the human nature to do such things. The power of imagination is great tool to have, however, you must be able to know when it is real.

Although it is a serious story, it contains some humour. For example the title of the short story The Best Death Ever has a touch of humorous irony. The title refers to the fact that Gavin in his attempt to fake a death almost ends up actually dying, which must best possible imitation of real death.

In the end of the story the narrator tells us that he was not impressed by Gavin's death, because "He had just had a stupid accident" (p. 4 line 40), and the narrator vows that he will die better than Gavin the next time they will play Best Deaths. But they never play the game again. The fact that the narrator wants to beat Gavin's death, tells us that he might have learned nothing from the episode, and reason why they did not play the game again is that they have been forbidden to do so. Or maybe did they learn that dying for real is not very funny after all…

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Macbeth

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Good morning,

The roar of thunder, lightning strikes the ground and witches in ugly-looking figure appears, opened the play. Continued by murders, horror and violent, images of death and blood enveloped by darkness. And ended by battles and the death of the protagonist, himself.

The tragedy play, Macbeth is centered on a man driven by vaulting ambition, guided by the supernatural and pressured by his wife to a course that leads to his downfall. In this play, Shakespeare is presenting the ideas of disorder and corruption, good verse evil and deception and reality through dramatic and language techniques, which I shall discuss today.

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Fellow classmates, put yourself in an unfamiliar world. The first thing you noticed is a gloomy night, deserted. Then thunder and lightning breaks the silence of the night and in distant are three figures in circle, whispering. Somewhere out there are cries of wounded soldiers. What is your impression of this world?

Shakespeare has used symbolism and imageries extensively throughout the play to portray the idea of disorder and corruption.

The use of symbolisms such as thunder and lightning in Act1 scene 1 to represents natural disturbance. Accompany by witches, which are symbolic for evil. It is linking to the idea that something so evil about to be born that will cause disorder.

Also Shakespeare used unnatural occurrences like the sun not shining, an owl kills a falcon and the horses turn wild and "eat each other" after the murder of Duncan to support the idea of disorder within nature.

The use of imageries of war between Scotland with her traitor and the Norwegian. It shows the society is corrupted. This is further supported by the deaths of soldiers and murders of king Duncan, thane Banquo and innocent people; Lady Macduff and her children. In addition, the use of images of blood and darkness as representation to violence and horror to depicts a corrupted society.

Shakespeare used symbolism and imageries to illustrate the idea of disorder and corruption. In which he infers that it is caused directly or indirectly by one man, Macbeth, he breaks the nature cycle of life by committing murders. The disorder and corruption of Scotland are the consequences of Macbeth crime.

The theme of deception and reality is exemplified through the witches. Shakespeare used the audience assumed knowledge of witches, of which they are evil and deceptive. And this is enforced through the phrase" foul is fair and fair is foul", simply, what appear to be the absolute right in fact it is the absolute wrong.

During the first encounter between the witches and Macbeth, he was prophesised to be thane of Cawdor and later king of Scotland. Shakespeare has employed dramatic irony. We as the audience know that the witches are lying; their sweet talk is the cover up of deep consequences. But Macbeth misinterprets their fortune. The prophecies stimulate his ambition; seduce him into the murder of Duncan and the web of murders to cover his deed. The use of dramatic irony allows the audience to partly know the outcome and more keen to find out of what is going to happen.

The second encounter between the witches and Macbeth, with the apparitions predicting his fate that "for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth" and "Macbeth shall never vanquish'd be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him." Again, this is the dramatic irony because it turns out with twists. It shows the idea of deception and reality. Also through the riddling rhythm of the witches make what they saying more deceptive and it have different meanings when interpreted from different perspective.

Through the theme of deception and reality, Shakespeare is implying that everything in life is not what it seems. Events regarded as impossible may be possible and the possible may be impossible, depends on the person's interpretation of thing.

The theme of good opposing evil is shown through the comparison between Duncan and Macbeth characteristics.

Duncan is portrayed as "so clear in his great office that his virtues will plead like angels". He concerns for the welfare of the country and his men. Also, this idea that Duncan is the Divine king, the one that is appointed by God. These factors establish Duncan as the good side, whereas Macbeth is viewed oppositely.

Macbeth's first line in his first appearance is that " so foul and fair a day I have not seen" immediately links him to the witches, which are the association of evil. By committing the murder of Duncan in his sleep, Macbeth is against God, breaking the loyal trust of Duncan. His crime intensified as he plans the murder of Banquo, his companion for the sake of securing his position of power. And by ordering the death of Lady Macduff and her children, which are defenseless, themselves portrays that he undoubtfully evil.

But Macbeth also experiences good opposing evil within himself. His rampage of killing establishes his evilness. But through his dialogue and soliloquy there is a degree of goodness, which can be found in him. Evidently after the murder of Duncan, Macbeth fells remorse immediately "I could not sat Amen, when they did say "God Bless Us"". He experienced mental anguish and hallucinated in particular the banquet scene. His degrading is so severe to the extent that life to him is a day-to-day process that signifies nothing.

By comparing good and evil, Shakespeare is suggesting that the force of good always win, inevitably. This is reflected through the ending where Malcolm, son of Duncan avenged his father's death and claims the throne.

Also, through the struggle of good and evil of Macbeth, Shakespeare is suggesting that a person cannot be completely evil. Macbeth strives for it in order to fulfill his ambition but his goodness and cannot be suppressed.

The construction of Macbeth's world is a parallel to reality. The ideas of disorder and corruption, deception and reality and good opposing evil brings attention through dramatic and language techniques, is not only concerning with the characters in the play but has deeper implications on life and human nature, allowing the audience to have an insight and understands themselves.

Thank you

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Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter?

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter?. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter? paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter?, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter? paper at affordable prices!

Charles Dickens novel Oliver Twist explores the possibilities of an unfortunate orphan severely mistreated by the hands of child poverty during the Victoria era. Chapter 10 is where our misfortunate orphan Oliver is introduced to stealing by his associates Oliver is wrongfully accused of stealing at the market which his friends have brought him to, Oliver tries desperately to get away from the angry herd of people but is eventually caught. Which has some profound effects on how Olivers life changes to.

Chapter 10 unlocks a whole new passage in Olivers life where hell encounter new experiences. Dickens also commented on it as being a very important chapter, in this history in the short summary at the start of each chapter. Chapter 10 is significant as it is the introduction to a character named Mr Brownlow who is brought back into the book in a latter stage. Mr. Brownlow is presented as the only gentleman who is sincere in the deceitful society; he vouches for Olivers story proving him to only have told the truth. With the sole help of this new revelation, Oliver is released. Not only does Mr.Brownlow save Oliver from sentencing he then kind heartedly takes Oliver to his home where Oliver is cared for and learns and receives the love and care he has always desired. Chapter 10 is one of the more innovative scenes as it is the most cinematic, created by describing the scene, the characters, the emotions and tension in it effectively. Dickens style of writing adds to this effect of this by changing the pace of the passages a example would be when Oliver is being chased the pace of the paragraph quickens, Dickens does this by use of punctuation, he substitutes full stops by semi-colons this adds to the rapidity of the scene.

The theme of the novel is presented constantly throughout the book, the novel itself is about the life of Oliver who finds himself down on his luck travelling from diverse situations, surroundings and traits of associates of his this the reader finds themselves on a journey of mixtures of complex emotions, the poignancy of the pain Oliver feels through the demise of his mother, being left to live in a workhouse where love, care and food is in shortage, Oliver now discovers the apparently good natured man (Fagin) who took him under his wing is enforcing the boys to steal for him, which has some disastrous consequences.

Custom Essays on Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter?

Dickens was renowned for being a social critic. In Oliver Twist he is exploiting the underground, guilty and seedy Victorian era. The reader has a perception of Oliver as a down beaten orphan who is sweet, innocent, and loveable but naive boy he is easy to be sympathetic towards. In the moment that Dodger reaches into the gentlemans pocket the whole mystery of handkerchiefs, watches, jewels and the Jew instantly unravels. He now learns the truth of the pretences he is under by Fagin. This short description of the events shows how nave Oliver is, as the word alarm suggests Oliver being shocked and surprised and how blind Oliver was not to see the reality of Fagins workers. Dickens is stating how even an innocent, sweet natured child can be trapped in the net of delinquency. Fagins den also exemplifies how many children are used for money seizing men and how easy it is for so-called gentlemen to get away with it. Dickens is criticising on how damaged the society is. He does this in several phases for example, a man who managed to injure Oliver was proud of that fact he touched his hat with a grin, expecting something for his pains this shows how obsessed people were with money because they would hurt a child. Out of the crowd of people chasing Oliver only the victim of the crime showed Oliver any sign of moral respect he tells the police officer Dont hurt him. Dickens in addition makes some ironic views on the police (who is generally the last people to arrive) this is an ironic aside as its Dickens authorial voice.

This chapter is the core of the theme that the whole novel revolves around. The theme is how a corrupt, crooked and dishonest world can be so severe to a defenceless child therefore this chapter is one of the more important chapters as it fits so well into the overall scheme of the novel. This chapter is important as it gives us examples of Dickens thoughts on the society in which he lives as most authors write about experiences they have encountered and therefore Dickens perceptions of people come through throughout the novel. Please note that this sample paper on Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter? is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter?, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Oliver twist A) Explore how chapter 10 in 'Oliver Twist' fits into the overall scheme of the text. What social comments do you think Dickens is making in this chapter? will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Wu Chao

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Wu Chao was born in 64 in China. Where at is unknown. In her early years she was called Wu Zetian. Wu Zetian lived during the medieval period of Chinese history, when people were strongly influenced by Confucian ideology. Women were generally held in low esteem, and there was considerable opposition to their participation in public affairs. In such a political climate, the struggle and unique success of We Zetian must be seen as remarkable. Her gifts were evident at any early age. She was 14 years old when here reputation for beauty reached the Emperor Tai Zong, and she was summoned to live in his palace. Although she began life in the palace as a low ranking concubine, Wu Zetian managed to attract the attention of Emperor Tai Zong, who was 6 years older than her. In admirations of her beauty and cleverness, he gave her the name Wu Mei, meaning charming female. In 646, Tang Zong was in his early 50's when he fell seriously ill. His ninth son and formally appointed heir was Li Zhi who kept close to his father's bedside. It was then that the young prince grew deeply attracted to Wu Zetian.

In June, Li Zhi succeeded his father to the throne, the third emperor of the Tan Dynast, known historically as Tang Goa Zong. Most of his father's concubines left the palace. Wu Zetian shaved her head and entered a Buddhist temple as a nun. Goa Zong found a woman names Wang to be his empress. Several months later when he visited the temple where Wu Zetian was, their romance resumed. Wu Zetian was now 8 years old. In 651 she entered the palace for the second time. She cleverly cultivated her relationships with the empress as well as other concubines, and shared gifts and favors granted to her by the emperor with others in his service. In return, the servants became her spies, keeping her informed about the empress and other concubines. The empress in the meant time was still childless, and Wu Zetians influence over the Emperor grew enormously. In China, it was a serious political move to consider replacing an empress. In 654, Wu Zetian gave birth to a daughter, whom the Emperor was said to love very much. One day after the empress has been playing with the baby, Wu Zetian secretly strangled her daughter in the cradle. Once the death was discovered, servants informed the emperor that the empress had been playing with the child, and the death of it became Goa Zong's excuse for making Wu Zetian empress.

In her new role as empress, Wu Zetian soon demonstrated remarkable ability as well as being very ruthless. She initiated transfers of statesmen who opposed her, including the emperors own uncle. She tormented the former empress and is believed to have been responsible for her death. As Goa Zong showed increasing signs of weakness, Wu Zetian found ways of extending her power throughout the whole empire. Now know as Empress Wu, she took charge of affairs of state both large and small, and she became involved into the formulation of all new policies. In 674, for the first time ever in Chinese History, Empress Wu instituted the titles of Heavenly Empress and Heavenly Emperor for herself and her husband. That same year, she further demonstrated her political power with her proposal of a 1-point program of reform. The provisions encouraged agricultural production, reduced taxes and labor services, and decreased military operation, provide wide opportunities for criticisms and reform of the government, provided long-serving officials, and increased officials salaries, thereby winning support from everyone.

The following year, the eldest son of Gao Zong and Empress Wu, the heir, Li Hong, died suddenly. Since he had been in total disagreement with the empress, it was believed that his mother, Empress Wu had him murdered. In 680, Wu Zetian's second son, the new heir, Li Xian, was charged with preparing a coup and was banished to a remote area. In late 68, Emperor Goa Zong died, making way for Li Xean, the third son of Goa Zong and Wu Zetian. He was years old and his royal name was Tang Zhong Zong. Unfortunately, the new emperor was weak and even more incompetent than his father, so the Empress stayed in power. After that, Li Xean promoted his father-in-law to Emperor but was dethroned by Wu Zetian soon after. His younger brother Li Dan, known as Rui Zong, replaced him. This reckless intervention in so many state affairs eventually evoked strong opposition and an armed rebellion against her started in 686. The rebellion collapsed about three months later. Wu Zetian wanted to rule as Emperor in her own name so she drew together her supporters in a campaign devoted to winning widespread popularity. She helped the poor and ferreted out corrupt officials and fraudulent merchants for punishment.

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In autumn of 60, after she had received three successive petitions requesting her to ascend the imperial throne, the Tang Dynasty was declared replaced by the Zhao Dynasty. Wu Zetian named herself Wu Zhao, the first and only female emperor in Chinese history. She continued her rule for 15 more years. Attentive to those who excelled in examinations, she prompted many talented men to key post and gave strong backing to the honest and upright officials in her government. Population grew form.8 million households to 6.15 million, and her troops won signal victories in the war against Turk, Tu-bu, and Khitan. Finally, weakened by age, Wu Zhao could no longer control crimes committed by trusted followers. In February of 705, her chief chancellor, Zhang Jian-zhi led a palace coup to reinstate the deposed Zhong Zong (Li Xean). Hundreds of solders invaded the palace where Wu Zhao had been confined to her bed for weeks. The Empress got up to listen to the request to return the throne back to her son. She agreed and returned to bed. She died in November the same year. She had controlled China for half a century and was the first and only female emperor.

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Efnafræði III, verklegar æfingar

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Efnafræði III, verklegar æfingar. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Efnafræði III, verklegar æfingar paper right on time.

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Æfing 1 - Tilraunastofan algeng tæki, tækni og öryggi

Tilgangur að kynna sr og æfa algeng vinnubrögð á tilraunastofu til þess að verða öruggur í meðferð tækja og læra að velja hentugustu áhöldin hverju sinni (sjá vinnuhefti bls.1).

Efni og tæki sjá vinnuhefti bls. 1-1

Framkvæmdarlýsing sjá vinnuhefti bls. 1-1

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Bunsenbrennarinn

Mynd 1 sýnir loga á bunsenbrennara sem fenginn var með því að hafa loftinntakið á brennaranum lokað og stilla gasinntakið þannig að login yrði um 10cm á hæð. Guli flöktandi bjarminn í loganum skýrist með því að of lítið súrefnisstreymi er til staðar til að oxa allt própangasið í koldíoxíð og vatn þannig að hluti þess oxast aðeins upp í kolefni sem myndar agnir í loganum og þær glóa með gulum lit.

Efnajafnan fyrir brunann

CH8 + O ® C + CO + 4HO

eða CH8 + 4O ® C + CO + 4HO

Blái, stöðugi bjarminn í loganum myndast þar sem enn er nægjanlegt súrefni til staðar. Þá oxast própangasið fullkomlega í koldíoxíð og vatn og engar glóandi agnir myndast.

Efnajafnan fyrir brunann

CH8 + 5O ® CO + 4HO

Mynd sýnir loga á bunsenbrennara sem var fenginn með því að opna loftinntakið að hluta og stilla gasinntakið þannig að login yrði u.þ.b. 7cm hár. Í honum eru keilur, sú innsta er ljós blá, þar fyrir utan er litlaus keila en ysta keilan er dökkfjólublá. Þessir ólíku litir skýrast af því að agnir frá própangasinu brenna á mism. stöðum í loganum þar sem þær örvast og aförvast og senda frá sr ljós með ólíkar bylgjulengdir. Hver litur hefur þannig ákv. bylgjulengd og ákv. hitastig.

Þegar postulínsdeigla var borin í logann á mynd 1varð deiglan svört af sóti þegar kolefnisagnirnar í loganum settust utan á hana. Þegar sótug deiglan var borin í heitasta hluta logans á mynd (~1500°C) fyrir ofan innstu keiluna hreinsaðist sótið aftur af henni, þ.e. kolefnisagnirnar brunnu upp.

Efnagreiningarvigtar

Eftirfarandi niðurstöður fengust úr vigtun

Vigt tilr.glas deigla bikarglas mæliglas m.glas pappír mynt

m 5mL vatni

grófvigt 16,7 4,7 1,7 54, 58,8

fínvigt 16,7751 4,87 0,868 8,48

Mæliniðurstöður eru gefnar í g.

Filtrun

BaCl(aq) + NaSO4(aq) ® BaSO4(s) + NaCl(aq)

Við filtrunina reyndist nauðsynlegt að nota fíngötóttan pappír nr. en grófari pappír nr.1 var ekki nægilega þttur til að filtra botnfallið.

Útreikningar á mólleysni BaSO4

Leysnimargfeldi, Ksp fyrir BaSO4(s) = 1,510- við 5°C (skv. Zumdahl)

BaSO4(s) ® Ba+ + SO4-

Ksp = [Ba+] [SO4-]

1,510- = x

x = ,10-5

Mólleysni BaSO4 = ,10-5mól/L

Mæliflöskur

Gefnar upplýsingar

Eðlisþyngd 7% HCl lausnar 1,1Kg/L Þ 1,1Kg lausn/L lausn

Massaprósenta HCl 7% HCl Þ 7g HCL/100g lausn

Mólmassi HCl 6,458g/mól Þ 6,46g HCl/mól HClHlutur HCl í eðlisþyngd lausnarinnar

0,7 1,1 Kg/L = 0,440 Kg/L = 440, g/L

massi HCl í 1 L ¸ mólmassa HCl = mólstyrkur sýrunnar

440, g/L ¸ 6,458g/mól = 1,08mól/L

Til að búa til 50 mL af 0,100M HCl

[ ]1 V1 = [ ] V

1,08M V1 = 0,100M 0,5L

V1 = ,0710-L = ,07mL 7% HCl lausn

Títrun

Efnajafnan fyrir títrunina

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) ® HO(l) + NaCl(aq)

Tafla með niðurstöðum mælinga

Títrun Aflestur 1 Aflestur DV = DV

númer upphaf lok Afl 1 Afl meðaltal

(1 0,18 1,45 1,7)

0,0 1,58 0,68

0,4 1, 0,80

4 1,64 4,0 0,66

0,71

Meðaltal rúmmáls NaOH sem bætt var út í var fundið út frá niðurstöðum -4 mælingar þar sem fyrsta mæling var ekki marktæk.

Útreikningar á styrk saltsýrunnar

MNaOH = 0,108M

Útreikningar skv. vinnuhefti bls. 1

MHCl = DV ¸ 5,0mL MNaOH

0,71mL ¸ 5,0mL 0,108M = 0,18M HCl lausn

Títrunarkúrfa

Efnavitar eru stórar lífrænar sameindir, veikar sýrur eða veikir basar, sem hafa ólíkan lit eftir því hvort umhverfi þeirra er prótónerað eða ekki. Sýruformið hefur annan lit en basaformið og litbreytingi verður á ákv. pH bili.

HIn H+ + In-

Phenolphthalein er t.d. litlaust á HIn formi en bleikt á basaforminu In-. Litbreyting verður við pH þegar 10% efnavitans hefur gefið frá sr prótónur (skv. Zumdahl). Þannig verður 10% efnisins að breyta um lit til að mannsaugað greini litabreytingu. Eins og sst á mynd af títrunarferli fyrir títrun rammrar sýru með römmum basa helst sýrustig nokkuð stöðugt framan af og ræðst pH þá af styrk sýrunnar. Þegar jafn mörgum mólum af basa hefur verið bætt út í lausnina og upphaflega voru af sýrunni næst svokallaður jafngildispunktur og þá er lausnin hvorki súr n basísk, hefur pH = 7 (gildir bara fyrir títrun sterkra sýra og sterkra basa). Á þessum punkti er umhverfið ekki lengur prótónerað og eftir því sem meira er bætt út í lausnina af títranti verður lausnin meira basísk. Þessi breyting hefur áhrif á jafnvægi efnavitans sem breytir um lit.

And if then

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Metatrophosis

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Franz Kafka¡¯s ¡°The Metamorphosis¡±, a depressing short fiction, tells us the story of Gregor Samsa¡¯s metamorphosis to an insect. As Gregor attempted to cope with the helplessness of his predicament, his family started to neglect him and finally wanted to get rid of him. They ignored the fact that Gregor had been the supporter of this family. On the other hand, Gregor was imprisoned by his duty to his family. After Gregor transforms to an insect, although Gregor has insect¡¯s body, he still has a human consciousness, so he is neither a human nor an insect. The title ¡°The Metamorphosis¡± not only directly refers to Gregor¡¯s physical transformation, but it also symbolizes Gregor¡¯s alienation and his escape to freedom.

Alienation is one of the themes in this story; Gregor¡¯s metamorphosis symbolizes his alienation. Long before his metamorphosis into a beetle, Gregor had alienated himself. The story begins with that Gregor Samsa transformed from a human being to a gigantic insect. Anyone, who finds oneself transformed into an insect in the morning, would be extremely shocked. As for Gregor¡¯s reaction, he wondered only momentarily what had happened to him. His room quickly distracted his attention. The only shock with Gregor was that he could not go to work anymore. Thus, we get the impression that Gregor had already alienated himself from his own body. A change of body form was not a big surprise to him. He had merely switched from one foreign body to another from one that was convenient to one that was less convenient. Gregors strange alienation from his body is metamorphosis in a concrete form.

Kafka did not tell us the exact identity of Gregor¡¯s transformation. From the description Kafka gives and the names such as ¡°dung beetle¡± (P40) that the old charwoman called Gregor, we know he resembled a common beetle. The traits common to all insects are far more important than the insects exact identity. Gregors transformation into an insect, then, could be seen as an attempt on his part to alienate himself.

Gregor had a habit that ¡°he had acquired in traveling of locking all doors during the night, even at home¡± (77). By locking doors, Gregor sets up physical barriers between himself and his family. It was as if he could not trust them to not come in and had to guard himself and his privacy even against those he loves. This detail shows why his alienation from his family makes sense. His consideration for his family also seemed to alienate him. He thought he found a good apartment, but his family thought this apartment was too big and hard to manage. After he transformed himself into an insect, he made no effort to communicate with his family. Because of this, his family assumed that he could not understand them. He did nothing else aside from listening. On the other hand, the other three members of his family hoped he would keep to himself and so, they excluded him from their group. This also emphasized the growing distance between Gregor and other human beings.

Gregors alienation from his environment is something that has not changed with his metamorphosis. Whereas earlier he had thought that his room was too small, now he thinks it is a lofty, empty room (88), and altogether too big for his needs. In this way, Gregors room, which he has lived in for years, had never felt like home to him but rather as some foreign place.

Gregor was also alienated from his job before the metamorphosis. He hated his job; he hated traveling; he hated ¡°the bad and irregular meals¡±, he hated ¡°the casual acquaintances that are always new and never become intimate friends¡± (75), and most of all, he hated the treatment he got from his boss.

All the above mentioned show that Gregors entire metamorphosis may be the result of his alienation from everything his job, the society, his family, and humanity. Moreover, his metamorphosis also symbolizes Gregor¡¯s escape to freedom.

We are reminded that Gregor hated his job, but he had to hold his job in order to support his family. Moreover, Gregors parents were in debt to his chief, and Gregor was working primarily to repay that debt; he had already been working at the firm for five years, and must work another five or six before the debt is repaid. The family did not work and relied entirely on Gregor; they even kept on a servant girl to clean for them. Although Gregor hated his job, he had to keep it, and he had to keep this specific job because of the debts. Gregor continued making money but did not make any for himself. Thus, Gregors need to escape his previous life may be something that he could never justify to himself. Gregor liked to look out the window, obviously in some recollection of the sense of freedom that looking out of a window always used to give him. (). His metamorphosis had given him the ability to do so. Finally, he could leave his job and the social order he disliked, and he could lie around in his room without concern for time and debts. His metamorphosis seemed to end his conflict. And yet he could not accept his freedom because his guilt proved stronger than his desire to escape.

His metamorphosis brought him to a different prison. He had been locked in his room, and psychologically, he also remained a slave because he felt guilty when he was not able to support his family anymore. Gregors new prison seemed even worse than his old one. Hearing his family mention money, he threw himself down on the cool leather sofa beside it, he felt so hot with shame and grief (). Finally, he found himself as the biggest burden to his family. It reminded him that his family¡¯s happiness was more important than his life, and so he died by his own choice. On the other hand, it was also another kind of escape to freedom.

It is not surprising that Gregor transformed to an insect due to his alienation, and his alienation makes him desire to escape from the situation he had before. Pessimistically speaking, Gregor does not get the free he wants finally. Even though his metamorphosis had freeed him from his job, he was quickly imprisoned by his guilt. Moreover, his entire family rejected him. His state is even worse than before. His metamorphosis is not a successful way for him to escape.

Please note that this sample paper on metatrophosis is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on metatrophosis, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on metatrophosis will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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