High School senior Macbeth Journals

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I. I do believe people can be influenced. Sometimes others might act different or

make a choice that doesn't really reflect their character because they want to please

someone else. It's not that they were forced, but they feel pressured by another to

change their views a bit.

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In my life I have my grandmother. Because I live under her house and her

rules means I can't just go out and do whatever. My grandmother tells me how she

wants me to act or behave and it is my choice to choose the way I am. At the same

time I feel it is easier to listen to what she tells me and do it. Sometimes people are

influenced because things will be easier that way.

If I could say I have influenced anyone in life, I would say I have influenced

my siblings. I am the oldest and because of that they look at what they see me do and

might repeat what they saw. I don't understand why kids look up to their older

brother or sister, but I think it's cool. Because of my seniority they sometimes follow

in my footsteps.

It's not always cool, though. At times I feel they should make their own

decisions without looking to me for the answer. Being an influence to others can be

neat and annoying depending on how good or bad you are yourself. I don't want my

siblings to follow my every move. I only want them to do the good things I've done.

II. If Macbeth were a modern man today he would be a former Wall Street

CEO. After hearing about everything that went on at Enron and World.com, it sounds

like Macbeth would have fit right in. He would have done a good job being power

hungry money thief. It seems to fit his character.

These men didnt start out as bad as they ended up though. In the beginning

they were just trying do their job as best they could. They were successful rich. But

like Macbeth, they weren't happy with what they already had. Soon they were giving

out false information in order to gain more money even after their customers lost

money. I know stealing may not be seen as bad as murder, but those people probably

needed that money. Many people use stocks to get money for school and retirement.

Instead of murdering people, they cheated them out of a happy life. To me cheating

someone out of a good life seems like a big deal.

The very fact that these men seemed good in the beginning of their success

and later turned bad makes them similar. Although they each come from totally

different backgrounds and eras, their stories parallel each other. Powerful CEO of a

major corporation to infamous crook. Loyal noble to hated king. It's obvious their

lives share many commonalities.

III. When someone tells a guy be a man it not only challenges his birth sex, but

his ability to stand up for himself and take what is his. This expression is used to make a

man feel weak so he can then start to act more bold. Whenever someone tells another

person to be a man, they know they have pushed a button that will cause the other

person to do anything to prove they are tough.

When Macbeth tried to back out of assassinating Duncan his wife was upset.

She had already become used to the thought of her husband as king. Lady Macbeth

knew she had to do something that would change Macbeths mind about the murder and

quick.

After pleading with Macbeth for a long time to get him to kill Duncan, Lady

Macbeth finally resorted to calling him a wimp. Having been put down by his wife,

Macbeth quickly changed his mind so he could prove his masculinity to Lady Macbeth.

He then put his murderous plan back into action. He felt his wife would think of him

less if he didnt go through with the plan. In his eyes, murdering Duncan was the best

way to show his wife he loved her.

Unlike Lady Macbeth, I dont think being a man is defined by how one acts orbehaves. Being a man merely means to have a an external reproductive organ. I

dont think being a man has anything to do with anything else. A man is simply

born a man and nothing more or nothing less.

IV. Fate is a strange thing. It helps us in our path along the way. With fate, we can

be given chances we normally wouldnt have. Macbeths fate came in the form of

witches who told him about his life in the future. Fate gave him choices. Unfortunately

Macbeth didnt choose wisely.

There are times in life where we are put in a situation that has many options.

Sometimes one option might seem like it will turn out better for us than another.

Macbeth felt this way after his run in with the Weird Sisters. He knew if he dismissed

everything they told him concerning his future he would only remain the Thane of

Glamis and Cawdor. But he also knew if the king was killed, he would be given

Duncans title as the king. Macbeth saw a chance to be more than he was and gladly

took it.

So if the question was whether or not I believed in fate I would say yes. But its

not. The question is if Macbeth was fated to kill Duncan and become king. I think fate

only puts us in situations, but doesnt completely change our lives. The chance is there

and we are forced to make a good decision. Our lives belong to us and not fate. We are

the ones who choose our life.

V. I honestly dont believe Macbeth killed Banquo in order to save his future

children. There were too many instances where Macbeth was scared Banquo would

open his mouth. Macbeth was just going to murder Baquo so he wouldnt have to feel so

worried all the time. He was tired after all those times his imagination would run off

with him.

In the beginning of the book there was a trader who was a thane. Once he was

found out, he was hung. Macbeth didnt want a death like that for himself. He wanted to

rule Scotland for many years to come. Macbeth felt the only wy to keep his and his

wifes dream alive was to kill Banquo and stop him from possibly revealing Macbeths

secret.

VI. Out of every character in Macbeth, Macduff would be the strongest. He stood up

against Macbeth after Macbeth had become king. He saw a problem and

rounded people up to help him conquer Macbeth. Even though he was a bit scared, he

did what he felt was right.

Macduff let himself become a leader once Macbeth became a tyrant to his

people. Duncan had been such a great king before Macbeth had his title. Macduff knew

him and his countrymen deserved a better leader, especially in time of war. Macbeth

helped no one other than himself. He was a horrible king and even worse leader.

It takes a truly strong and brave person to stand up for what they believe in.

Macduff put his life on the line to make the lives of others better. He was loyal

to Duncan and thought his leadership was excellent. Now that Duncan was dead and

Macbeth was his successor, the country was lacking true leadership.

Macduff sought out to rectify the situation. Duncan eldest son was the heir to

his fathers kingdom. No one else was supposed to take Duncans place. Macbeth had

gone too far. It was one thing to steal an empire, but to steal an empire from

someone it was promised to was another. Macduff was the only one who had the

courage to make everything the way it should have been.

VII. Before she died, Lady Macbeth should have admitted to Macbeth she was trying

to live vicariously through him. She really wanted to rule the kingdom. It was her idea

to kill Duncan because she herself wanted the power.

Lady Macbeth wished so much to be a man, a powerful man. To her the next

best thing to being a powerful man is being the wife of one. Her speech in chapter one

made this evident.

VIII. I don't think Macbeth would have been respected when he got old. He

wouldn't be the king and everyone would be thinking about the king instead of

Macbeth. Everyone would be spending time sucking up to Duncan.

It is a good thing Macbeth wouldn't be well respected though. After seeing

how awful he turned out once he gained power, it would have made him even more

evil if people trusted his decisions. He is the type of person who would abuse his

powers every chance he could.

Macbeth clearly picks power over affection. He'd rather act ruthless and

scare people into giving him respect instead of being nice. Some choose to treat

people right and feel bad if they have to cross them in order to succeed. Macbeth

shows no feeling when harming others for personal gain. To him, power is better than

affection.

When it comes down to it people have to choose between power and

affection. It is not possible to have both. Gaining power requires one to worry about

business not others feelings. Being affectionate requires one to help others and not

yourself. Having one crosses the other out.

IX. Forgiving is hard to do. When someone crosses you or disregards your

feelings, it's hard to accept their apology. But when you finally decide to forgive

someone, it means you are allowing yourself to let your guard down with them and

believe they won't do whatever they did before.

Forgiving, however, is not the same as forgetting. You will never be able to

forget about a person harming you. The only thing you can do is have faith that they

are willing to change. If a person tells you they didn't like what they did to you and

the will act different from then on, it's hard to stay angry. At the same time, you will

always have what happened in the back of your mind.

After a person has been forgiven, they still will pay the consequences by being

trusted less. It's natural for a person to lose trust in a person after they have been

crossed. Sometimes even if you want to feel the same as you did before they messed

up, you can't. The pain will always be there no matter what.

To forgive is not to forget, but to give a second chance. The second chance

doesn't mean everything goes back to how things originally were. This is the

consequence paid by a mean, dishonest, or hurtful person. If this is their biggest

consequence, then it is the least they deserve.Please note that this sample paper on High School senior Macbeth Journals is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on High School senior Macbeth Journals, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on High School senior Macbeth Journals will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Race relations in american labor

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Ever since the beginning of American history, there have been tensions between the different races and ethnicities living in this land. When the first settlers came to America from Europe, all the different nationalities involved dealt with issues with each other and the Native Americans. Skipping ahead a couple hundred years, with the emergence of slavery, the problem with race relations, especially with blacks, reached a horrible peak. Luckily, the people of this country realized that slavery was a horrendous endeavor and it was abolished after a civil war was fought. From that point on, it seems that race relations would take a turn for the better. It has, but the truth is that many blacks in today's America make a good argument in stating that equality has not reached the level it should be. These problems with race relations have touched on every possible topic in American life. One very prevalent area where the problem with race relations has been obvious is labor. While today, it might not seem so, less than a hundred years ago, blacks were excluded from all aspects of labor including union membership, jobs, fair wages, and fair working conditions. Although all of the working class people had the basic problems of poor paying jobs and bad working conditions in common, race and ethnic problems remained prevalent and severely hampered the different races and ethnicities ability to work together to solve these problems as a group instead of as individuals working on their own. Three main contributing factors to this problem were the different wages paid to laborers, the ways in which these laborers were used, and the underlying fear of different races and ethnicities.

A problem that arises when there is a work shortage is obviously that people can't find jobs. This becomes even more of a problem when it is believed that employers are treating their employees unfairly. When thinking of unfair treatment of workers, two things usually come to mind. One is conditions and the other is pay. When looking at wage problems in America, in the early 100s, they can be directly linked to the sudden rise of unions America. Unions were thought of as a way for workers to be able to stand up against employers paying unfair wages. The problem that arose however was the fact that as a basic rule, minorities and especially blacks were paid lower wages than their white counterparts. That is of course when they were even allowed jobs. This imbalance in pay combined with the work shortages of the time produced a problem for unions, who would use strikes as their main weapons against companies. When workers would strike, companies could simply fire the workers and hire "scabs", who would work for less money then what was originally being paid to the union workers. As it turns out, the "scabs" were often times minorities and in many cases black. This in itself helped divide races from joining together to fight for their rights. Whites were often very resentful towards the blacks for taking their jobs, but the blacks and minorities were happy to simply find work. "We didn't understand why they (blacks) went to work when we were out, and I guess they couldn't trust the white people… We lost the union because of that and I didn't think we was ever going to have one again, not with so many coloreds in there." (Halpern, p.74-75) This statement was a white workers response to the Amalgamated Meat Cutters strike that was broken by the company's hiring of black workers to replace the white ones on strike.

Companies realized that hiring "scabs" was an effective way to break union strikes. After a strike was broken, employers often times would not hire the old employees back. When they did, they would often times be very vengeful in their treatment of the workers and in many cases cut wages of the strikers. This would often bring down more heat upon black laborers. Black workers inadvertently gave employers insurance against strikes and therefore weakened a union's effectiveness. In many cases, it was not only wage-problems that arose.

"Black workers were severely hobbled by racism. Employers fomented racial hatred by using blacks as strikebreakers, and the racism of white workers sometimes came back to haunt them. In 1886, for instance, white steelworkers at Steelton, Pennsylvania, founded a Jim Crow benevolent society, then turned around five years later and solicited black support in a strike, but were told by blacks, "we were not wanted at first and will not join under any circumstances."" (Laurie, p.1) Racism in America was already a very common thing, but with employers pitting white workers against blacks, matters only worsened as America went into the great depression. Even though racism was still prevalent in the twenties and thirties, voices of reason did ring out as early as the 180s. W.E.B. Du Bois, an African American sociologist and historian believed that, "Native-born and northern-European-derived workers enjoyed the "wages of whiteness"." (Zieger and Gall, p. 16) "Du Bois and other champions of racial and ethnic minorities concluded that the struggle of blacks for access to America's opportunities had to be conducted as much against a tenacious white working class as against employers." (Zieger and Gall, p.16) Unfortunately, racism was too far ingrained in American society for Du Bois' belief to gain wide-enough acceptance. Even when the point was reached that blacks were being accepted into unions, the division remained due to the lasting racial tensions. An example of this was Philip Weightman. He was a black hog butcher heavily involved in a union, who became a "scab" because of treatment by whites. "Yet during the 11- strike, Weightman crossed the Amalgamated's picket line and remained on the job, his initial enthusiasm for the organization destroyed by the Jim Crow treatment he received at the hands of white members." (Halpern, p.74) This is not to say that all blacks felt this way. Towards the 10s, blacks were beginning to break through the racial barrier, but the work was far from over. It seems that whites did however begin to realize that combining with blacks would help the overall labor movement. It seemed that people were finally starting to head the warnings of union man Samuel Gompers, "If we fail to organize and recognize the colored wage-workers we cannot blame them if they… frustrate our purposes… if common humanity will not prompt us to have their cooperation, an enlightened self-interest should." (Zieger and Gall, p.16) Racism from whites was still very common, and in the cases that whites were willing to organize with blacks to fight employers, that is often where the relationship ended. Many whites still felt that blacks were inferior and did not belong with whites.

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It seems that jobs and money were not the only reasons that racism was so common during the time. It is no doubt that a reason for this hatred of blacks, especially in the South, came from the opinion that blacks were inferior because they were recently slaves. How can a race that has been dominated for so long by another all of a sudden be seen as equal? Blacks were often times looked at as uncivilized savages. This played a major role in keeping blacks and whites from uniting in the labor movement. In many cases, white men and women were afraid to be around blacks. This was especially the case concerning women and children. Whites did not want blacks near their women and children. It is true that in the mining industry, during the 180s, blacks and whites began to unionize together, but that was as far as some whites wanted it. This undoubtedly set the stage for inequalities that would be faced by blacks in not only the working world, but also in the social world. ""Nowhere were the ethics of living Jim Crow more subtle and treacherous," Jacquelyn Dowd Hall observes, "than when they touched on the proper conduct of black men towards white women…." Indeed, the singular power of the social equality charge flowed from its formidable capacity to link African American empowerment and interracial activity in wide-ranging endeavors-schooling, worship, casual recreation, political campaigns, social movements-to the lurid imagery of interracial sex." (Letwin, p.544) These whites were only concerned with the illusion of equality for blacks and only as long as whites would benefit from it.

Unfortunately, racism has been a staple in American history. Things have certainly changed a great deal for the better, and true equality in all aspects is certainly a possibility and in reach, but common class interests among workers did not prevail of racial and ethnic differences until at least the 150s-60s. In the thirties, there was still too much of a racial and ethnic barrier in place for workers to truly unite together. Three main contributing factors to this problem were the different wages paid to laborers, the ways in which these laborers were used, and the underlying fear of different races and ethnicities in the 10s. Although tremendous strides were made during this period, it would be over the next thirty years that fundamental changes would take place.

Halpern, Rick. Down on the Killing Floor. University of Illinois Press, Urbana and Chicago. 17

Laurie, Bruce. Artisans into Workers. University of Illinois Press, Urbana and Chicago. 18

Letwin, Daniel. Interracial Unionism, Gender, and "Social Equality" in the Alabama Coalfields, 1878-108. The Journal of Southern History, Volume LXI, No. , August 15

Zieger, Robert H. and Gall, Gilbert J. American Workers, American Unions. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 186

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"How important was Martin Luther King Jr's Contribution to theCivil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s?"

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"How important was Martin Luther King Jr's Contribution to the

Civil Rights Movement in the 150s and 160s?"

Martin Luther King Jnr is well know through the world for his dedication to the advancement of coloured peoples civil rights along with his undying faith in god, justice and equality. His contribution was one of the greatest in the periods the 150s and 160s. His strong leadership, passive nature will be remembered for years to come and his name will stand along side those like Gangi as some of the greatest fighters for justice. Mr King Jr fought for freedom and equality for the African American population of the US.

Martin Luther King Jr's great oratory skills helped him greatly in the period of the 50-60's, he shouting words of hope for a greater America, world and future for the world, "I have a dream it is the American dream" his ability to capture an audience, and some of his speeches will for ever be quoted. His leadership was a crucial part of his contribution to Civil Rights movements in the southern states and all over America. Martin Luther King Jr's played a key stone role in organising on mass events; protests, demonstrations and boycotts. He was a strong leader by nature and environment, remaing that way throughout his remarkable life which sadly was cut short . King was a master of words even in his weekly church service he preached about many rights, which all of God's people should have. By doing this he influenced a great number of people. Martin Luther King Jr's contributed everything to the development of the Civil Rights Movements through his enduring commitment to the battle, belief in justice, the truth, he won the hearts of many as he made not only the people of America but the wider world by making people aware, by giving education back to the masses.

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Becoming involved in 155, he was a large player, becoming elected as president of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA). Participating by leading the Bus Boycott, a very successful plan, which ended with a win, stopping segregation in Montgomery buses. This boycott is remember as the starting point of a political turn-around for the southern states of America becoming one of the most important contribution in the struggle for black rights, such as Alabama. Moving to Atlanta in 157 he began to strive for equality yet again, this time being elected as the leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). His involvement became so contriversal for the time it lead to his arrest during a sit-in demonstration at the Rich's department store. He was sentenced to four months hard labour. This event is just one of the many that demonstrated his commitment to the Civil Rights Movements as he was arrest many times after that.

Liberty, freedom, equality, jobs and everything in the American constitution that was not available for black Americans in the 150s was what King fought for and even lost his life over. One of his main attitudes was that all campaigns and demonstrations should be conducted non-violently. Violence was not the answer in King's book, fighting wasn't going to change white population's views on the negro's, this view faced ridicule all the time through his life by his opposition for actually promoting violence(black panthers) His critics accused him of hypocrisy by saying "He marches for peace on one day, and the next day he threatens actions we think are coldly calculated to bring violent responses from otherwise peaceful neighbourhoods." Yet he still stood strong and his popularity grew, no matter how hard they pushed he would never hit back.

16 King put his life on the line along with many others by holding a protest-march, this was during a time where local white authorities were openly and publicly opposing the integration of the black community (desegregation of their society) Even though some activities King conducted for civil rights in America had violence happen at them they were never approved by Mr King and many where stage with no violence at all, but what was more important was how they received huge attention and support by the community and media, world wide. The population could not stand to see armed policemen with dogs and fire hoses against defenceless protesters, the public always cheers for the underdog. In response to the Birmingham protests, President Kennedy submitted civil rights legislation to Congress, which led to the authorisation of the Civil Rights Act of 164. All this because of Martin Luther King Jr and his strong believes; it was his idea to march in Birmingham, as he believed that he could make a change in the lives of the black American's who lived there. King was committed to the cause of non-violence, although his opinion of the topic may have changed slightly throughout his career, but he remained generally consistent to his cause.

But it was on 8 of August 16 when the battel was taken to Washingtons door step, on the issue of jobs and freedom over 50,000 protesters marched together to Washington, D.C. At the end of the march, on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech one that most people remember most clearly. He motivated people, spoke for the people, expressed their views and at the same time made the nation aware of the injustices Black American's were facing in the south. This is the peek of his career

King attracted so much international media attention that his work even crossed the desk of the Noble Peace Prize committee and he was awarded this great honour of being a recipient at a ceremony in Oslo, Norway in 164. Although Mr King was not the only leader nor campaigner of Black Civil rights movements throughout this period of America history, he was one of the greatest leaders and a vital member of a team of activists who all contributed to the advancement of civil rights in America. King is still recognised today by Americans and people across the globe, and he is celebrated in the USA every year on the 15 January each year "National King Holiday" This is a day of celebration of the achievements King, his supporters and leaders alike.

Civil Rights Movements were formed by Black Americans because of the segregation in the southern states of America. Someone needed to take a stand, to lead the people King was that person. He recognised in his Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech "The problem is far from solved. We still have a long, long way to go before the dream of freedom is a reality for the Negro in the United States." The dreams, ideas that MLK stood for and his leadership turned the futures around for black Americans. It is unsure whether or not civil right's for the African American people would be the same now had it not been for king's large and powerful contribution. King devoted himself to the cause. But King also acknowledged that what he had achieved was done with the help of many others including God. His vision of a unite people, not matter how what, now matter if they were from different races, religions and social backgrounds, he saw it as people working and living together in a spirit of harmony and cooperation. Martin Luther King Jr underwent public humiliation, beatings, death threats imprisonment and finally assassination all because of the ideals and principles he believed in till the day he died. He was much more then a spiritual leader he was a moral one, one who had a major impact on te history of civil rights in America and globally. Ultimately King was sustained by a belief in righteousness in all people. In his own words

"I am convinced that the universe is under the control of a loving purpose, and that in the struggle for righteousness man has cosmic companionship. Behind the harsh appearance of the world there is a benign power."

"We hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal"

Bibliography

Websites

http//www.stanford.edu/group/King/about_king/major_kingFrame.htm (Timeline, freedom struggle and events)

http//www.guardian.co.uk/netnotes/article/0,67,67107,00.html (Events and opinions)

http//www.heroism.org/class/160/CivilUnrest.htm (Speeches)

http//www.worldbook.com/features/features (Bus Boycotts)

Handouts

King or Knave (quotes)

Abolish the King Holiday

The speeches of Martin Luther King Jr

American Civil right's Movement

Black man walk (RE hand out)

Please note that this sample paper on "How important was Martin Luther King Jr's Contribution to theCivil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s?" is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on "How important was Martin Luther King Jr's Contribution to theCivil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s?", we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom research papers on "How important was Martin Luther King Jr's Contribution to theCivil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s?" will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation?

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation?. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation? paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation?, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation? paper at affordable prices!

In this essay I will be looking at sources A through I and determining for each source whether or not it agrees with the statement "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people" I will answer using the sources and my own knowledge.

Source A totally agrees with the statement. It is written in the year Stalin died, by the American journalist Walter Duranty. He thought that Stalin was the man to get Russia back on its feet. He supports this argument with such sentences such as "Am I wrong in believing Stalin is the greatest living statesman?" he lists all of Stalins good points, and achievements, such as the 5 year plans. This means that this source shows how popular Stalin was, even with people who aren't from Russia, and how famous he was worldwide. The bad thing about this source is that it shows none of his bad points. This source was only 1 person's opinion of Stalin, and does not represent the whole of the United States opinion. Most Americans were anti communism, and hated Stalin, and as Duranty spent time in Russia, he was probably swayed by the cult of Stalin to be biased towards him. This shows that although Stalin had many supporters, he still had to rely on propaganda to make him as popular as he was. Source B is an example of this. It is a painting of Stalin, standing with workers in front of a dam, which represents the 5-year plans. Stalin is talking to the workers, like he is their friend. It is painted by a Russian artist, and shows how Stalin would like himself to be portrayed. This backs up what Duranty said in source A, and shows Stalin in all his glory. However, again, it does not show Stalins bad points. Stalin would vary rarely treat workers as if they were friends, he used to torture them to get them to work, he forced labour upon them. He killed the workers he didn't like. As this source is blatant propaganda, it is one sided towards Stalin. It is proven that Stalin never had much contact with his workers, which helps us to prove that this is propaganda. It is by a soviet artist, who would have been influenced by the cult of Stalin to paint this one sided picture, and its main use is to show us how the cult of Stalin effected people.

Source C could also be linked to source A, in the way that it supports communism. It is an extract from Stalins biography, written by G F Alexandrov, a Russian who was undoubtedly effected by the cult of Stalin. We can see this in the first line of the extract "Stalin is the genius, the leader and teacher… captain of army's…" Stalin is described as the "Lenin of today" , Lenin of course saving Russia. This source shows how Stalin was seen by his people, because it was written by a soviet under the influence of Stalins propaganda, therefore only commenting on the good side of Stalin. This source does not give any bad points at all about Stalin, due to the propaganda used, and it also does not show any of his achievements. This may be because they felt that Stalin was so popular that he didn't need to list his achievements to be great. This source was written close to the death of Stalin, and gives us no information about how people felt when Stalin first stepped up.

Source E is an extract from a British newspaper, the guardian, the day after Stalin died. Even though most British people hated Stalin, the newspaper gives a fair view, and gives a reason from both points of view, but leans more towards Stalins favour. It says that he transformed Russia from a backward country into a major world power, which is a magnificent achievement. The source may have been a bit biased towards Stalin because it was the day after he had died, and they felt sympathetic towards him, but this is highly unlikely. The only downside to the source is that it gives no clue whether Stalins people supported him or not, but we could answer yes to this question because if British people are supporting him, surely his own country would be supporting him as well. It gives his achievements and his downsides, which makes it an unbiased source, and this helps us understand that even though his fans knew that Stalin wasn't perfect, they were still willing to follow him.

Custom Essays on Stalin's Rule Coursework 2 Question 3 – "Throughout his rule of the USSR, Stalin retained the support of the Russian people"- Is there sufficient evidence in Sources A to H to support this interpretation?

Source G is a photograph of Stalins 70th birthday celebration, it shows millions of people gathering to celebrate Stalin. This is useful because it shows us how many people came to celebrate Stalin out of their own choice, without anyone forcing them too. This source has many disadvantages though, on the colour version of the picture, the crowd look quite false, and even if this is an unedited photo, it only shows 1 town, the celebrations might not have been as widespread as the source makes out. This source could be linked to source B, because it is another example of Stalins propaganda, in this photo he has made himself look superior to the public.

Looking at all the knowledge I have gained, it seems that Stalin did have lots of supporters, but whereas most of his support was gained through propaganda, the cult of Stalin, and tricks, only a small percentage were supporters because of his actions. The evident truth about Stalin was that he was not a very nice person, who found himself to be above everyone else, he used to kill all his enemies, and labour his workers, as we will now find out. I will now look at all the sources that oppose Stalin.

Source D is the first source that disagrees with him. It is a French poster, used to steer people away from the cult of Stalin. It pictures Stalin leaning against a building, with slaves at gunpoint, dragging huge blocks that are twice as tall as the slaves. This source shows Stalin as a violent dictator, who only did things when he could see what was in it for him. The fact that we know about the purges and secret police supports this source. Stalin controlled most of his workers through forced labour, as this source suggests. Workers were also threatened by the fact that if they did not work to a good enough level they lost their homes, money, and everything else, so this source could be classed as true, but we are deterred by the fact that it is produced in France, so it is most likely to be biased, because the French government were scared of communism and wanted to deter it in as many ways as possible. The downside to this source is that it does not show the upsides of Stalin, and how he rewarded hard workers (stackanovites). This is an example of French propaganda, which is anti Stalin instead or for Stalin. This source was written in Stalins early rule, so they knew nothing about Stalins success of the 5 year plans, which happened later on in his career.

Source H is a speech written by a member of the communist party, years after Stalins death. It describes Stalin in the worst possible light, calling him brutal, violent, and distrustful. It talks about the way he used propaganda to his own advantage, which can be seen in the other sources. All of the evidence against Stalin in this source, can be found in other sources, e.g. use of propaganda, the cult of Stalin. This source shows us that in his later years, Stalin did not have as much support as he had at the height of his career, and that even though he removed his opposition, he still had opposition within his own party. Although because a communist wrote this, it has little chance of being biased, they are more likely to tell the truth, but we must take in mind that this is only 1 persons opinion within the party, there would be people arguing against the person who wrote the speech.

Source F is different to all the others, it is written by Stalins own daughter. She is totally unbiased, and just describes how he used his power to get to the top. She describes his rule as a "bloodbath of absolute dictatorship" but she also says that he was neither insane nor mislead. She says that he had the support of Russia, but only gained I through evil doings and propaganda. This is backed up by lots of the other sources, and things that Stalin did, such as the purges.

Looking at all the sources and evidence I have looked at, I think that I can come to the conclusion that yes, throughout Stalins dictatorship, he was widely supported, but most of this came from his propaganda and the cult of Stalin, and very few people were actually following Stalin for the achievements he did. We must also comment on the fact that we do not have any evidence to tell us whether or not the cult of Stalin continued after he died.

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Transformation of demeanor and scarlet letter

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We always question those people who commit adultery on their partners; we wonder why would you do such a thing to someone you love? Usually when it happens it is not really known around your town unless you happen to be a well-known important person. How would you feel if your town knew that you had committed adultery even though you were just an average citizen, what if you had to stand in the town square and be embarrassed by your actions? Would you be strong -willed or would you let them get to you and make you weak? Let's add on another factor, what if you had to wear a letter representing adultery that was to adorn your breast everyday of you life? Would you be able to make a transformation not only of yourself, but also of the meaning of the letter? Hester Prynne faces this exact scenario in the novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter. Throughout the novel, Hester's demeanor changes along with the transformation of the meaning of the scarlet letter.

In the beginning of the novel we get a sense early on of how Hester feels about her crime, along with how the rest of the town views her. We see the description of the scene, "The unhappy culprit sustained herself as best a woman might, under the heavy weight of a thousand unrelenting eyes, all fastened upon her, and concentrated at her bosom…" (5). This description really sets the scene of how harsh these conditions are in which Hester has to face. We come to the understanding that she knows she has done wrong, but yet she remains to stand up to these people. With the statement, "…a thousand unrelenting eyes, all fastened upon" the use of the word unrelenting shows that the people were not letting up, they were giving Hester long stern looks for what she has done wrong. They stare at her bosom, fastened to it, just like the scarlet letter is, attached to her and never really coming off. As it stands at this moment the scarlet letter A has a full meaning of adultery. Everybody in the town looks down upon her knowing exactly what she has done, nobody is giving the letter another meaning. As for Hester's demeanor she is confident when walking out of the prison, she is standing on her own firm ground. She is confident enough that she does not bow her head in shame; she takes her punishment like a real woman. She is not crying or feeling any less than what she should. She is very assertive in her feelings and where she stands. It is very important to watch the transformation of Hester from now to the end of the novel.

After she faces the total humiliation in the market place, Hester knows that she must continue on with life. At this point in time, the burn or the feel of the letter is hot and very much still there. We see that the scarlet letter will maintain its significance for some time yet. The citizens of the town have the thought of Hester Prynne's crime vivid in their mind; they are in no way letting up this early in the game. What is important now is how Hester deals with the situation

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"…where she was made the common infamy, at which all mankind was summoned to point its finger…. But now, with this unattended walk from her prison-door, began the daily custom; and she must either sustain and carry it forward by the ordinary resources of her nature, or sink beneath it….To- morrow would bring its own trial with it; so would the next day, and so would the next; each its own trial, and yet the very same that was now so utterably grievous to be borne. The days of the far-off future would toil onward, still with the same burden for her to take up, and bear along with her, but never to fling down…" (81-8).

She now must face the town, but yet try to remain strong. With the scarlet letter adorning her bosom all the citizens did point their finger acknowledging the fact that she was a disgrace to the town due to her evil reputation. Now more than ever she must sustain the same confidence that she did when she first walked out of the prison. The word "unattended" in this scenario signifies that she must keep her strong -will even though she is not publicly humiliated as she was when she first walked out. From this day forward it is essential for Hester to maintain that assertiveness so that she will remain a lively person. Otherwise she will have let the citizens win and end up being below them. Everyday she will live with the scarlet letter on her bosom; the challenge for Hester will be confronting the different people she meets daily and sustaining her confidence.

At this point we start to see the scarlet letter make a transformation along with Hester's demeanor. Now that Hester has lived with the letter for sometime, the harshness of it has seemed to die down a bit, "The letter was her calling. Such helpfulness was found in her, so much power to do, and power to sympathize, that many people refuse to interpret the scarlet A by its original significance. They said that it meant Able, so strong was Hester Prynne, with a woman's strength" (167-68). When we look at the first statement, "The letter was her calling." we now get the sense that all this happened for a reason. She was meant to have this all happen to her, she was meant to turn around her life by the scarlet letter. The letter gave Hester the power not to let the scarlet letter ruin her life forever, the letter convinced her to help others out. Hester could be found in town helping the poor people out, she is in no way letting anybody or anything stop her. Because she is in the town making something of herself the citizens see this and now come to the understanding that she may not be as bad as she is set out to be, thus they now see the letter stand for Able, rather than adultery. Not only does Nathaniel Hawthorne use the word strong, but also he later uses the phrase "a woman's strength." In the time of when this novel is set women to have strength of their own was really never seen, it had always been the men who were strong. Because Dimmesdale has yet to come clean there is no man involved, only a woman, therefore only reiterating how much greater a woman's strength is without a man in her life.

When Reverend Dimmesdale and Hester meet up again so many years after the incident their love becomes rekindled. When they meet on the pathway we are very surprised at what we read, "So speaking, she undid the clasp that fastened the scarlet letter, and, taking it from her bosom, threw it…. The stigma gone, Hester heaved a long, deep sigh, in which the burden of shame and anguish departed from her spirit." (11-1). We now see the Hester come to sort of a breaking point. A point where she no longer wants to neither feel the wrath of everyone nor feel the pain of the scarlet letter. With "she undid the clasp that fastened the scarlet letter…" not only do we get the sense that she is taking off the letter, but also the sense that she is taking off the eyes of all the people, taking off the burden. The way that Nathaniel Hawthorne describes her actions, step by step, we really understand how serious this move is. Once the letter is gone we see how the burden was really lifted. The use of the word stigma along with anguish shows the severity of her pain. Since she has had the scarlet letter on for so long she does not remember how it feels without it, she doesn't remember what its like to live a normal life.

We know that she did return the letter to her bosom after Pearl had seen her without it on. At the end of the novel we see, "Never afterwards did it quit her bosom. But, in the lapse of the toilsome… the scarlet letter ceased to be a stigma, which attracted the world's scorn and bitterness…. Hester had vainly imagined that she herself might be the destined prophetess… burdened with a life long sorrow" (7-74). Lets first look at the words Nathaniel Hawthorne uses at the end of his novel, toilsome, lapse, stigma, scorn, bitter, vainly, and prophetess. These alone give us the underlying feeling of hurt and a never-ending pain. If we look at this again putting in more familiar words we understand that the scarlet letter will never leave her bosom, whether it is seen or not. We get the sense that in the decline of the hardships that Hester had to go through the people weren't as fascinated by the scarlet letter. No longer was it a mark, which attracted the world's dislike, after all they did give the scarlet letter a different meaning. In the end Hester had never really thought that her fate was to lead her to be gifted with more spiritual and moral insight. This really brings us to a complete 180. Hester is now a much smarter and stronger person. She has learned a great deal in having the scarlet letter on her bosom, she also sees herself in a different light. She realizes that she has made it through and overcome the staring and the remarks made by everybody around her. If she made it through this she knows that she can make it through everything else. Never did anyone think for one moment that the scarlet letter would prove to be transformed from something bad to something good. Only a strong woman such as Hester Prynne could do such a thing.

We have definitely seen a major change from beginning to end. At the start of the novel Hester had been rather confident, but yet knew her sin very well, the scarlet letter held its full meaning of adultery. We then saw Hester take it out into the real world and make something good of it; she now was helping people out and changing the meaning of the letter from adultery to able. She finally came around to realize that this letter had played a major role in changing who she is, she learned a great deal and also learned to look life in the eyes and realize that she has come out on top.

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Indian Captive Narratives

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Indian Captive Narratives

A narrative's perspective relies souly on the narrators point of view. Two stories with similar circumstances and events can have adverse affects on it's reader. Point of view can single handedly determine the mood and tone the story will take on. Similar and even parallel stories with completely different objectives leave us with an especially great opportunity to take a critical view of its' characters through compare and contrast methods. This is particularly true in The Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson and Catherine Sedgwick's Hope Leslie. These accounts retell the tale of English settlers and their experiences as both the captive and captor. Mary Rowlandson however, takes a much more critical view of the Native Americans, and opposed to the much more forgiving Hope Leslie. Mary Rowlandson's character shares a remarkably similar experience with Magawisca , the Indian girl in Hope Leslie. Both stories take place during the King Phillip wars, and both specifically involve the Pequod Indians. Both girls were dragged from their homes, traumatized by witnessing the slaughter of their loved ones, and forced to survive for a substantial amount of time amongst the enemy. Even through these parallel circumstances, these two remarkable young women retain their own very distinct characteristics. Although their circumstances are alike, their countenance proves to be completely opposite. At first glance, it is almost safe to say that the "heathen" Magawisca was given the moral victory over her enemies more so than the Christian Mary Rowlandson. The remarkable course of events that occurs after their captivity proves to be the defining factor in determining the strength of their characters. Both women arise victoriously, but because of the authors' objectives, one just seems to do it with a little more compassion and grace.

Mary Rowlandson's The Narrative of the Captivity and restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, is her Puritan testimony to the grace and goodness of God who had delivered her from her enemies. She is a young settler woman of great faith ,living with her husband and family on their small farm. After her captivity, her faith seems to be her deciding factor in her will to live. She witnesses the murder of her sister, as well as some of her sister's children. Her own 6 year old child dies in her arms days after captivity, and has no knowledge of the whereabouts of her other children and husband. All is lost except for a small bible which is kindly bestowed upon her not by the Indian who handed it to her, but as she perceived it, the grace of God. She has the will to survive, but seems to lacks any Christian intuition to be a living example of Gods goodness. Although she remains faithful to God's word, her anger and hostility towards her demon captors controls her attitude throughout the narrative. God's word gives her hope, but it dose not give her strength to love her enemies, or even show them kindness. She does not become a living testimony until she is back amongst her own Puritan brethren. At no point of the narrative does she prove to be a representation of all that God stood for. Mary was never able to hold the Indians in any regard other than heathens. Her faith almost blinded her in a sense, from being able to distinguish God's goodness from the heathens' genuine kindness. All reference to her captors is held in a negative light. All kindness that was shown to her was God's work. Even the Christian Indians or "Praying Indians," as she referred to them as, were not worthy of her acceptance. Her faith was astounding but her attitude never once reflected true Christian values.

Magawisca and her circumstances however similar to Mary's they may be, took a completely different approach in her attitude as a captive. Magawisca's whole tribe was pillaged and burned to the ground. Almost everyone she new and loved was brutally murdered by the English army. The narrative even briefly mentions people flinging their bodies into the flames in attempt to avoid their fate at the hands of an Englishmen. As a result of Magawisca's father's status, her and her brother were taken into captivity instead of being slaughtered with the rest. Magawisca is no stranger to the hardships of captivity. She has lost everything she loves, and yet she perseveres above the bondage of hate, and does not blame her captors who are otherwise very kind to her. She even befriends her new master's son, Everell, and confides in him the traumatic events leading up to her capture. Magawisca even goes so far as to have feelings for her English oppressors, and looses her own limb in attempt to rescue Everell from her fathers wrath. Her misfortune in life does not blind her from seeing the goodness in others, despite their race or involvement in King Phillip's war. Despite her "heathen" background, she retains more admirable Christian qualities that Mary Rowlandson's pious character.

Many different factors are responsible for this vast difference in attitudes the characters emanate. Mary Rowlandson is a non-fictional Puritan character who retells her own experiences among the Indians. It is not however a personal narrative, but a shaped narrative with a particular motive to the Puritan divine community to be a living testimony to the Mercy of God. The narrative was never intended to be a recount of her own emotions and actions, but simply to bear witness to how God provided for her and how his sovereignty and Goodness delivered her from her many trials and tribulations. Her anger is towards the Indian is derived from her own personal dealings with them. It is not an imaginative recreation as in Hope Leslie. Mary Rowlandson's account also bears a great deal of historical reference to the mind set of the racist puritan community at he time of the narrative's publication. Mary Rowlandson's character is not as romantics, or even as Christian as Magawisca's, but it is accurate. Mary Rowlandson was a real person, and these were her real feelings towards native Americans however bias and narrow they may be. Considering the death of her six year old child in her arms, it is reasonable to boast that they are justified.

Catherine Maria Sedgewick, the author of Hope Leslie, and creator of the character "Magawisca," had never herself been held captive. Some major themes and historical perspectives she held greatly influence the comparison between Magawisca and Mary Rowlandson. Sedgwick's writings seem to hold a great deal of sympathy for the Indians being destroyed by English settlers. Mary Rowladson's narrative appears to have overlooked the binary opposition existing between civilization and savagism, while Hope Leslie strongly represents both. However, in direct contrast to Mary Rowlandson's character, Magawisca, is a romantically nostalgic heroine princess who saves the Englishman in Sedgwick's attempt to overcome peoples preconceived notion of Indians at the time of publication. It was Sedgwick's personal strive for liberty and independence from the Puritan magistrate that gives Magawisca's character her outstandingly unbiased personality. Magawisca was Sedgwick's attempt to depart from Puritan racism while Mary Rowlandson embraced it. Although the circumstances are extremely similar, it is apparent that the two characters originate on two very different playing fields.

As it turns out, these two similar characters happen to be a reflection of their two completely opposite authors. The characters' attitudes had to be contrary to one another, because the author's objectives were. While Sedgwick wished to rebel against the Puritan beliefs, Rowlandson only wished to embrace it. Sedgwick's goal was to overcome the narrow mindset that many of her peers held towards Indians, while Rowlandson 's testimony only reinforces it. Rowlandsons justification lye within her sincere puritan belief that God was the only determining factor in her survival, and the fact that she lived through the traumatic experience herself. That factor alone entitles her to justly harbor any animosity towards her Indian Captors. Sedgwick's attempt to undo the biased views of her time are also justified. She did so by showing the other side of the English/Indian opposition and maybe even exaggerated the goodness of Magawisca's character to make its impact successful. This does however cause Mary Rowlandson's opinions to be harsh and unjust, until it is looked at with a critical eye. Rowlandson's attitude towards the Indians was not necessary in fulfilling the narratives objective. Therefore, it becomes understandable why her countenance appeared rash and her demeanor did not seem aligned with Christian forgiveness.

Both authors had an objective to fufill through their character, and both authors successfully achieved their objective. When the characters are compared taken out of their context, Magawisca appears to be the moral victor. When the characters are placed in correct context, and the authors' objective for the narrative is kept in mind, both characters met their goal victoriously.

Please note that this sample paper on Indian Captive Narratives is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Indian Captive Narratives, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Indian Captive Narratives will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Philosophy: In reaction to Mill

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Throughout human history philosophy, religion and critical thinking has attempted to answer the question What about humanity makes us different to lesser beings? Mill argues, "It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be a Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. And if the fool, or the pig, is a different opinion, it is because they only know their own side of the question. The other party to the comparison knows both sides."

To agree with Mill's statement one can argue that with dissatisfaction in human beings, one has the awareness and the faculties to realise that one is dissatisfied and then to perhaps do something to bring about a change so as to change the state of satisfaction. This awareness of dissatisfaction of a state of existence is an essential human characteristic and is very much along the same lines of "I think, therefore I am."

This higher consciousness or awareness, having human qualities or characteristics has many positives, which give us the ability to both individually and collectively advance the human race.

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Dissatisfied humans are also preferable to contented pigs because dissatisfaction can be the motivation, the spur, and the drive to advance and prosper. Without this motivating factor, much of human innovation and invention would not have been achieved.

Furthermore along lines of dissatisfied humans being a better state than content pigs, Mill attributes this characteristic to being most likely stemming from a sense of human dignity, which according to Mill is also most likely in proportion to higher faculties. Thus using the above logic, it would also thus be preferable to be a dissatisfied human because it is symbolic of the dignity and humility of a conscientised human being.

One can maintain that it is better to be a human who is of advanced faculties and dissatisfied than a fool who is happy because the fool may not be aware of all the issues that may pertain to his existence, while the philosopher who is unhappy might have full awareness. Consequently, the fool may believe he is happy, when he really is not. It could just be that the fool does not have the full knowledge, consciousness and mental faculty to realise why he is happy, when in fact he really should not be the happiness or satisfaction could just be an illusion, a false knowledge of how the world is. But because the fool is a lower being, he does not realise this. Thus it is better to be a philosopher who is fully aware and not be happy because he has full awareness and the skill to realise that the world as it is. It is better to be dissatisfied because at least then any emotion is not illusionary or false and therefore the philosopher is not duped into false emotion, whether self-imposed or not.

The dissatisfied with an unhappy existence (versus satisfaction with an unhappy existence) will also be a drawing mechanism to generate solutions to change the situation so as to bring satisfaction, and so advance human knowledge.

However, when changes are brought, the philosopher would then have to guard against contentedness, as the new shape of existence could bring it and more people would be dissatisfied as satisfied.

Furthermore, if it is better to be a dissatisfied Socrates than a satisfied fool (or pig) when one considers mental and intellectual enslavement attempts, co-option by authorization regimes, globalisation, rapid consumerism and the increasing loss of the spiritual and the intellectual in modern society. It is better to be the dissatisfied Socrates and possess the accompanying higher mental faculties. Thus possessing the ability to see through the attempts (when they are made) by modern dominant States to pull the wool over their citizen's eyes, or keep people satisfied through the consumer society, preventing civil society from functioning and questioning decisions made by government and State.

The dissatisfied Socrates in this instance has the ability to realise what the State would be attempting to do, or what the State is doing. He would be able to formulate counter measures, discuss issues, raise awareness, etc. In effect, the dissatisfied Socrates has the ability to raise awareness and generate critical thought (Habermas in MacIsaac, 16) which could bring other dissatisfied Socrates' into the equation, creating an activist movement and challenging the status quo, also providing a counter measure to the State which is vital to a healthy, intellectual, questioning modern society.

Besides political and civil society advantages to having dissatisfied Socrates in society, a dissatisfied Socrates with a questioning mind and non-contentedness is vital to the advancement of science, philosophy and the sum of human knowledge.

On the flip side when one considers why it is not better to be a dissatisfied Socrates one can argue that the lower being, with less need to question and with the disposition of being content and satisfied, is happy with where s/he is at, and is content with having all needs cared for. Thus, a question can be posed What is wrong with being content, even though you are not a dissatisfied Socrates?

Even if one is not fully aware of all the issues at stake, what would make one happy is different from what would make a dissatisfied Socrates happy (and easier to achieve), is there something wrong with being satisfied, even in this situation?

Is it not easier, and in a way more freeing to not be bogged down by issues, concerns and worries, and just be content with what ones life has to offer?

The best pop culture reference would be from the movie The Matix where the human beings of the earth are enslaved and controlled by machines. The humans that live in this "Matrix" are satisfied even though they are unaware that they are actually being controlled. Further using this example, one member of a small group of humans who have escaped this robot controlled life, actually wants to be happy and satisfied and chooses ignorance and thus makes a deal with the machines to be placed back into the false world and to not know the truth about the 'matrix'.

From this example one leads to ignorance is bliss. Choosing to not know the machine system is controlling him and that modern society is better for him as he is happier, even though he is fully aware that the 'matrix' is a human enslaver.

This is similar to the theme is George Orwell's 184, where one of the party in Oceania's slogan is IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH. In this thinking, not knowing, not being aware of the issues and not being bogged down by issues and decisions is a freedom in its own way. The ignorance of these issues is a strength, so the ignorance provides a comfort of its own. Thus some people may choose (albeit unconsciously perhaps) to be the satisfied pig, which provides a liberty and freedom of its own kind.

The dissatisfied Socrates may be intellectually superior and Mill's statement certainly attests to that. Also, there is an implicit value judgement also being made that it is far better to be the Socrates than the fool/pig, and the former is what we would strive for. However, this may not be so. Advancement of human thought and intellectual capacity is what society teaches us, and thus positive attributes are attached to being a dissatisfied Socrates. There is though a converse perspective to this that does not have the positive judgements attached (of being a happy fool/pig). Because it does not have these positive attributes, it is not valued by society and is therefore seen as 'less good'. But why should we value one system above the other just because society has taught us so?

Why should there be a hierarchy of values in being one or the other? Can it not just be two different sets of values, which people choose?

One understands that Mill's research and views are informed by his personal subjectivity, philosophy and experiences and the way it impacted on his writing. Mill could have come from a background of affluence and protestant work ethic, which must have in some way had an effect on his views. The majority of society in the time of Mill (which still applies to modern day) was a poverty stricken one. An important question to ask of this type of society is if they had the capacity, opportunity, skills and above all the luxury to become the dissatisfied Socrates. The obvious answer is that they do not. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (Zimbardo, 1) a society in this situation would mostly be worried about their need for food and water and once that that need has been fulfilled they would move up to being worried about their safety and protection. And once that this was fulfilled they would move higher up the hierarchy and so on. But there needs would never be fulfilled enough for them to go very high up the order and they would never reach 'self-actualisation' and become the dissatisfied Socrates as they would have greater needs more important to them.

Finally in conclusion and in answer to Mill's statement I agree that the 'ideal' state for human endeavour is to operate on the side of the dissatisfied Socrates because that is how humanity advances, progresses and develops as well as what separates us from lesser beings and animals. But this conclusion is drawn with the qualifiers that when being a dissatisfied Socrates it does not affect one in a negative manner so that it leads to becoming something bad so as to be satisfied with ones situation such, for example, as in the case of Hitler who caused so much destruction so that he could be satisfied, and also not all of society has the luxury and capability to become the dissatisfied Socrates because they have other more important needs in their view.

References

Humphries, B. (17) From Critical thought to Emancipatory Action Contradictory Research Goals? Sociology Research Online. Available http//socresonline.organisation.uk/socresonline//1/.html [8/0/001]

MacIsaac. (16). The Critical Theory of Jurgen Habermas. Sorce Unknown. Available http//physics.nau.edu/~danmac [8/0/001]

Mill, JS. 18-Century. Utilitarianism Publishers Unknown

Orwell, G. 14. Nineteen Eight-Four. Secker and Warburg Publishers.

Zimbardo, P.G. 1. Psychology and Life. New York Harper Collins

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